Improving The Health Literacy Of Older Adults With...

Introduction Health literacy is a vital aspect of people’s everyday lives. Without health literacy, individuals would struggle with the basic skills they require to properly take care of themselves. From everyday tasks to managing a person’s health, health literacy is integrated into everything that people encounter. The purpose of this paper is to examine how the application of the intersectoral approach can work to improve the health literacy of older adults with cardiovascular disease. This report will explore parts of the intersectoral approach and discover how it can be applied to increase the health literacy and promote well-being for older adults with cardiovascular disease. Health Literacy and the Intersectoral Health Literacy†¦show more content†¦Whether it be a diagnosis or a self-management technique, people need to understand what to do so they do not end up confused and not following through with what may be best for their well-being (Mitic Rootman, 2012). Mitic and Rootman (2012), discuss six reasons why health literacy is important. First, approximately 60% of Canadians are unable to understand and make decisions regarding their health. Second, having a lack of health literacy can lead to having poor health outcomes. For example, if a person does not fully understand their chronic disease, such as diabetes, they may not have the proper self-management skills to cope with the disease which could potentially result in hospitalization. The second reason goes hand-in-hand with the third reason of increasing rates of chronic diseases. With a lack of understanding, people may not know how to prevent or manage the chronic disease causing it to escalate to something more serious and may result in death. Low health literacy can also lead to extra costs spent on health care. Mitic and Rootman (2012), state that the additional expenses â€Å"ranged from 3 to 5% of the total health care cost per year†. This is due to people having a lack of understanding and require more health care attention than someone who has a higher health literacy. Also, with the advances of access to health information, the terminology used is often high-level and hard for most people

The Jacksonian Er The Era Of The United States - 1930 Words

The Jacksonian Era The Jacksonian Era (1824-1841) has been known as the era of the â€Å"common man† primarily because of the acquaintance of democratic government in America with the help of Andrew Jackson. Democrats who favored Jackson believed that their role as a Jacksonian was to protect the individual liberty, the equality of economic opportunity, political democracy, and upholding the rights of the Constitution of the United States. Jackson was initially a general that helped the war effort to gain control of Mississippi at the Battle of New Orleans, which then led to his later election into Presidency via the popular vote of the people. Jackson’s political decisions always had the will of the people with minds, and this resulted in an†¦show more content†¦He trusted in social versatility, and despised the human activity of turning over positions of power to specific people of the elite division and also extraordinary benefits due to those claims. Jackson’s perspect ives incorporated the way that if the government kept on give more power to the already powerful, those belonging to lower classes would never be granted the opportunity to make their way up the financial classes that existed in America. Since the less compelling populace would not have the capacity to level up to the elites, it would be exceptionally unfair because the higher class would thrive monetarily and the poor would not flourish as much. Jackson longed for a legislature that similarly gave protection to the majority of the individuals in the country, not only the rich class. Through this plea, it can be clearly understood that Jackson did have the common individuals best advantage as a main priority, as well as their votes when the election came. Gradually, Jackson would start giving the common individuals more official positions so as to totally use their entitlements to the government. One of Jackson s most persuasive strategies amid his term as President was the Spoils System. This was Jackson s system of verifying the basic society of America got the chance to convey part in

Anorexia Nervosa cannot be satisfactorily accounted for by any single model of abnormality Free Essays

Anorexia is a condition disputed by psychologists in attempts to find a cause for the problem. Anorexia is when an individual chooses to emaciate themselves in order to be thin. There are two main types of reasoning behind such behaviour. We will write a custom essay sample on Anorexia Nervosa cannot be satisfactorily accounted for by any single model of abnormality or any similar topic only for you Order Now The biological and psychological explanation. Of course, there are many forms of branched out explanations within these, and the two of which that I shall be exploring are the genetic justification (in terms of biological) and the behaviourist approach, for the psychological relation. Biological psychologists believe that human behaviour and what makes us do what we do, is all down to genes. With the new advance in recent science, genes are becoming a more popular reasoning to many psychological issues. Anorexia nervosa for one. The genetic approach proclaims that the cause for anorexia is to do with genes: i.e. the genetic and inherited factors we have within our relations. The idea is that should one family member suffer from an eating disorder, then there is a higher chance that another family member (preferably those who share the same, or like genes) would contract an eating, or another obsessive-compulsive disorder. Holland et al, a group of psychologists, lead a study on the genetic link of anorexia nervosa in 1984. They perused a sample of 34 pairs of twins and one set of triplets, where at least one twin in each pair suffered from anorexia. They found a higher concordance rate of 55% for the 16 monozygotic twins (who share 100% of the same genes) than for the 14 pairs of dizygotic twins, (who share 50% of the same genes) with a concordance rate of only 7%. The results, in imprecise terms, suggested that there was a genetic link between family members suffering from anorexia nervosa. But on closer examination of the study, we can find many other reasons, which may not be genetic, for these findings. For example, the sample amount was very small. This is a major flaw in any experiment, as the sample size often needs to a representative size, which can be extended to the whole of society, but 35 pairs of twins is an extremely small amount. Furthermore, the environmental influences were not considered in this experiment, and so the higher concordance rates for the monozygotic twins could be because they are treated more alike than the dizygotic twins. This is part of behaviourism of which I shall study later on. In terms of reasonability, the genetic link between family members suffering from anorexia seems to be weak. Though it can be part of the reason or perhaps only accurate for only a very few, it cannot be wholly responsible for everyone who suffers from this eating disorder. A problem with this reasoning as being the â€Å"answer† is that there is then no blame of self. Because the condition is ‘purely’ biological, the individual is then rendered hopeless and vulnerable to the disorder, as they are not in control of what is in their genes. It can also provide an ‘excuse’ so that the subject is unable, or unwilling to become better. Psychologically, behaviourists look at how the environment and outside influences have shaped and created an individual. Predominantly in western cultures, the size of â€Å"beauty† in terms of celebrity and media has dramatically decreased in the last couple of decades. Marilyn Monroe, said to be one of the most beautiful woman of the time was a dress size 14. As the years gone by, we find that the dress size of â€Å"beauty† has gone down, and now, catwalk models are size 8’s and lower. It seems that the more rich and advanced we become, the higher our standards are, for skinnier people. The media is a major factor in influencing the ordinary people of our society. Behaviourists believe that this is one of the main causes for people (particularly those with lower self-esteem) to develop eating disorders, in order to become more like the person in the magazine. Because of this, people are often seen as ‘beautiful’ when they are thin. This puts pressure on people who perhaps may have been teased and felt self-conscious about their self-image. Once the individual begins to lose weight, it is often found that the criticism stops, and compliments are received in its place. This can then become a habit, and is known as â€Å"Classical conditioning†. They learn to associate being thin with feeling good about themselves. â€Å"Operant conditioning† happens when the praise and admiration from others reinforces their eating habits and causes them to want to lose more weight. This form of explanation is very logical in certain aspects, but there are a few things that, should this theory be true, does not correspond appropriately. For example, once the sufferer begins to lose too much weight and is then the cause for concern, why is it that once the compliments stop, the sufferer still desires to lose weight? The compliments were associated to feeling good and losing weight. The compliments are no longer there, and so one would assume the feeling good should have dissolved, and due to operant conditioning, the sufferer would learn to break the habit. It is true that operant does sometimes work on promoting weight gain in some people, by if this concept was accurate, then why doesn’t everyone with anorexia respond in the same way? â€Å"Anorexia Nervosa cannot be satisfactorily accounted for by any single model of abnormality† It is true that anorexia cannot be the result of one cause, as we have looked at two versions of reasoning behind the condition and both explanations still leave gaps where logic or situation does not fit. Each explanation gives a valid justification to anorexia, but the problem still cannot be solved by one account of psychology. The answer may be that it is a mixture of perhaps several models of abnormality, but the fact is that anorexia nervosa is too complex and too different in every case to be the epitome of one explanation. How to cite Anorexia Nervosa cannot be satisfactorily accounted for by any single model of abnormality, Papers

Importance of Clinical Reasoning Cycle-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Explain your understanding of the function of Clinical Reasoning Cycle in relation to nursing assessment. 2.List any additional health assessment data would need to be collected for this patient as part of a focused nursing assessment? 3.Considering the patients demographics (age, gender, lifestyle,) identify two focused nursing assessments that would assist you in collecting appropriate data for this patient? Answers: 1.Clinical reasoning cycle is an important assessment tool in nursing by which nurses collect cues and then process the information. Through this process, they come to an understanding of the problem or situation which is bothering the patients health and hence plan and implement interventions with proper evaluation of outcomes. This is followed by reflection form the learning acquired by the nurse. Many decisions are often complex and depend on a number of different internal as well as external factors. Therefore this decision making tool helps the nurse to make choices through a systematic process that considers different clinical predisposing and contributing factors (Dalton, Gee Levett Jones, 2013). This tool helps the nurse to move sequentially through a number of logical considerations that ultimately end at a final decision. 2.Apart from the vital signs which provide a large number of indicators about improper functioning of the heart and chances of myocardial infarction, another diagnostic test that is also important in this scenario is the electrocardiography. Electrocardiography in suspected myocardial infarction often act to be very helpful in recognizing ischemia as well as acute coronary injury in the emergency departments patient who are coming with symptoms of myocardial infarction. ECG is also helpful in distinguishing different types of myocardial infarction. 12 lead ECG is often used for such patients with ST segment elevation, St Segment depression or with non diagnostic symptoms (Hassell et al., 2016). 3.The BMI of the patient is found to be 35. This BMI states that he is an obese individual. Hence information about the patients lifestyles are needed to be inquired and assessed for so that the nurse can make appropriate lifestyle change recommendation which will reduce his weight and maintain an healthy lifestyle (Mazor et al., 2014). Obese patients have high chances of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and many others which often become reason for cardiovascular diseases like myocardial infarction. He also has high stress employment. Increased amount of stresses can cause heart problems. Excess of stress hormones may be produced which cause myocardial infarction. It occurs when a blockage forms in one of the arteries supplying oxygenated blood to heart/ stress hormone interrupted the system affecting the condition of the patients heart. References: Dalton, L., Gee, T., Levett-Jones, T. (2015). Using clinical reasoning and simulation-based education to'flip'the Enrolled Nurse curriculum.Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing, The,33(2), 29. Hassell, M. E. C. J., Delewi, R., Lexis, C. P. H., Smulders, M. W., Hirsch, A., Wagner, G., ... Piek, J. J. (2016). The relationship between terminal QRS distortion on initial ECG and final infarct size at 4months in conventional ST-segment elevation myocardial infarct patients.Journal of electrocardiology,49(3), 292-299. Mazor-Aronovitch, K., Lotan, D., Modan-Moses, D., Fradkin, A., Pinhas-Hamiel, O. (2014). Blood pressure in obese and overweight children and adolescents.The Israel Medical Association journal: IMAJ,16(3), 157-161